QBASIC
1.
FULL FORM = Quick Beginner's All Purpose
Symbolic Instruction Code.
2.
It is a
high level computer language developed by Microsoft. In 1985.
3.
It was invented by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E.
Kurtz.
Features:
1.
It is easy to learn and fun to practice.
2.
it is available in almost every computer.
3.
It automatically check syntax.
4.
It is suitable for mathematical and business
application.
5.
Programming and debugging is simple and quick.
6.
Modification of program is quite easy.
Elements:
1.
Character set: alphabet(A to Z), digits (0 to 9)
and special character (+,(),$,=)
2.
Constant and variables: The quantity which
doesn't change its value during the execution of the program is called
constant.
The quantity which may change its value during the execution of the
program is called variable.
Numeric(0 to 9) and string($) (a to z).
3.
Arithmetic expressions; addition(+),
subtraction(-), multiplication(*), division(/)
Programs:
1.
WAP to print sum of two given numbers.
2.
WAP to print area of rectangle.
3.
WAP to print name, address and mobile number.
4.
WAP to print are of circle. Pi*r2
(use pi = 3.14)
5.
WAP to print sum and average of given three
number.
6.
WAP to print sum of square of two different
number.
7.
WAP to print simple interest where
SI=(P*T*R)/100
8.
WAP to find your age.
9.
WAP to convert the Celsius into Fahrenheit.
10.
WAP to convert Euro into Nepali rupees. 1 rs =
140 euro
READ & DATA statement.
READ a, b, c
PRINT a, b, c
DATA 34,56,78
11.
REM find average using READ ... DATA
CLS
READ a, b, c
avg = (a + b + c) / 3
PRINT "Average = "; avg
DATA 45,67,52
END
Control structure:
1. Sequential structure
2. Selection (Conditional) structure
i. If CASE
Structure 1.
Syntax: if <condition> THEN
<statement block>
END
Structure 2.
Syntax ; if <condition> THEN
<statement 1>
ELSE <statement 2>
END
Structure 3.
Syntax ; IF <condition1> THEN
<statement 1>
ELSEIF <condition 2>
THEN <statement 2>
ELSEIF<condition 3>
THEN <statement 3>
ELSE
<statement 4>
END IF
END
ii. SELECT CASE
Syntax:
SELECT CASE Test-expression
CASE condtion1
PRINT statement1
CASE condition2
PRINT statement2
CASE condtion 3
PRINT sttmnt 3
CASE ELSE
PRINT sttmnt 4
END SELECT
Unconditional statement ;
GOTO
statement
CLS
PRINT "Kathmandu"
GOTO abc
PRINT "Birgunj"
abc:
PRINT "Biratnagar"
END
Conditional statement ; if elseif then else
ENDIF
→ Looping Structure;
Looping is the process of
repeating a block of statements multiple number of times as per the requirement.
A loop is terminated when the given condition is satisfied.
WAP to print Nepal 100 times.
CLS
FOR i= 1 TO 100
Print "NEPAL"
NEXT i
END
1.
WAP to print your name 1000 times.
CLS
FOR i = 1 TO 1000
Print "HIMALAYAN"
NEXT i
END
2.
WAP to print first 100 natural number.
CLS
FOR i = 1 TO 100
PRINT i;
NEXT i
END
3.
WAP to print first n natural number.
CLS
INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n
FOR i = 1 TO n
PRINt i;
NEXT i
END
4.
WAP to print first n natural odd number.
CLS
INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n
FOR i = 1 TO n STEP 2
PRINt i;
NEXT i
END
5.
WAP to calculate sum of n natural number
CLS
INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n
FOR i = 1 TO n
S=S + i
NEXT i
Print "Sum is " ; S
END
6.
WAP to generate following series.
a. 1,
2 ,3, 4 ................. 10th term
b. 1,
3, 5, 7...................10th term
c. 2,
4, 6, 8 ...................10th term
d. 1,
4, 9, 16.................. 10th term
e. 1,
8, 27, 64.................. 10th term
f.
1, 2, 4, 7, 11
.................... 10th term
g. 5,
10 20 35................... 10th term
h. 1
5 9 13 ...................... 10th
term
i.
1 1 2 3 5, 8, 13 ......................... 10th
term
2. WHILE WEND
Syntax:
WHILE [Condition]
Statement
Increment/Decrement
WEND
END
|
REM program to print Nepal 100
times. CLS i = 1 WHILE i<=100 Print "Nepal" i=i+1 WEND END |
|
1, 8, 27, 64,.... 10th
terms WHILE WEND CLS I = 1 WHILE i<=10 Print i^3; i = i+1 WEND END |
WHILE END
CLS
i = 1
WHILE i <= 10
PRINT i;
i = i + 1
WEND
END
|
1, 3, 5, 7... 10th terms WHILE WEND CLS I = 1 WHILE i<=10 Print i; i=i+2 WEND END |
|
CLS FOR i= 1 TO 100 Print "NEPAL" NEXT i END |
1.
WAP to print n natural number.
CLS
INPUT "Enter number"; n
i = 1
WHILE i <= n
Print i;
i = i+1
WEND
END
2.
WAP to calculate sum of n natural number
CLS
INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n
i = 1
While i <= n
S=S + i
i=i + 1
WEND
Print
"Sum is " ; S
END
3.
WAP to calculate product of n natural number 1*2*3
CLS
INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n
i = 1
P=1
While i <=n
P= P* i
i=i+1
WEND
Print
"Product is " ; P
END
4.
WAP to print the reverse of given number.
CLS
INPUT
"ENTER NUMBER"; n 123 12 1
WHILE
n<>0 123 <> 0 12<>0 1<> 0
r=
n MOD 10 123 MOD 10 = 3 12 MOD 10 = 2 1
MOD 10 = 1
s=s*10+r 3 3*10+2 = 32 32*10+1 = 321
n=
n\10 123\10 = 12 12\ 10 = 1 1\10 = 0
WEND
Print
"reverse of given number is "; s
END
5.
WAP to print whether given number is palindrome
or not.
CLS
INPUT
"ENTER NUMBER"; n
z
= n
WHILE n<>0
r=
n MOD 10
s=s*10+r
n=
n\10
WEND
If
z=s THEN
PRINT "Palindrome"
ELSE
Print "Not
Palindrome"
ENDIF
END
6.
WAP to print sum of given number.
CLS
INPUT
"ENTER NUMBER"; n
WHILE
n<>0
r=
n MOD 10
s=
s + r
n=
n\10
WEND
Print
"Sum of given number is " s
END
7.
WAP to print whether given number is Armstrong
or not. 153, 370, 371 , 407
CLS
INPUT
"ENTER NUMBER"; n
z=n
WHILE n<>0
r=
n MOD 10
s=s+r^3
n=
n\10
WEND
If
z=s THEN
PRINT "Armstrong"
ELSE
Print "Not
Armstrong"
ENDIF
END
STRING FUNCTION
1.
LEN
Length of string
Syntax ; LEN(string variable)
For ex. N$ = NEPAL
A= LEN(N$)
PRINT A;
OUTPUT ; 5
2.
LEFT$
Extract the left character
Syntax ; LEFT$ (string variable, No. of character)
For ex.
N$ = NEPAL
A$ = LEFT$ (N$,2)
OUTPUT ; NE
|
N NE NEP NEPA NEPAL |
CLS
N$ = NEPAL
FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)
A$ = LEFT$ (N$, i)
Print A;
NEXT i
END
3.
RIGHT$
Extract the right character
Syntax : RIGHT$ (S.V , No. of character)
|
L AL PAL EPAL NEPAL |
CLS
N$ = NEPAL
FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)
A$ = RIGHT$ (N$, i)
Print A;
NEXT i
END
4.
MID$
Extract the right character
Syntax : MID$ (S.V , Starting no. of character, Total no. of character)
|
EPA |
CLS
N$ = NEPAL
A$ = MID$ (N$, 2, 3)
Print A;
NEXT i
END
5.
LCASE$
Lower case
Syntax : LCASE$ (string variable)
|
nepal |
CLS
N$ = NEPAL
A$ = LCASE$ (N$)
Print A$;
NEXT i
END
6.
UCASE$
Upper case
Syntax : UCASE$ (string variable)
|
NEPAL |
CLS
N$ = nepal
A$ = UCASE$ (N$)
Print A$;
NEXT i
END
1.
REM to print reverse of given string.
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
a = len (N$)
for i = a to 1 step -1
X$ = MID$ (N$, i)
W$ = W$ + X$
NEXT i
PRINT "Reverse string is"; W$
END
2.
REM To check whether given string is palindrome
or not.
CLS
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
a = len (N$)
for i = a to 1 step -1
X$ = MID$ (N$, i)
W$ = W$ + X$
NEXT i
IF N$ = W$ THEN
PRINT "Palindrome"
ELSE
PRINT "Not Palindrome"
ENDIF
END
3.
WAP to count vowels in a given string.
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)
X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)
X$ = LCASE$ (X$)
IF X$ =
"a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o"
OR X$ = "u" THEN
V= V+1
ENDIF
NEXT i
Print "Total number of vowels is"; V
END
4.
WAP to count vowels and consonant in a given
string.
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)
X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)
X$ = LCASE$ (X$)
IF X$ =
"a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o"
OR X$ = "u" THEN
V= V+1
ELSE
C = C + 1
ENDIF
NEXT i
Print "Total number of vowels is"; V
Print "Total number of consonant is"; C
END
5.
WAP to count vowels and consonant in a given
string.
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)
X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)
X$ = LCASE$ (X$)
IF X$ =
"a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o"
OR X$ = "u" THEN
V$= V$+X$
ELSE
C$ = C$ + X$
ENDIF
NEXT i
Print "Total vowels are "; V$
Print "Total consonants are"; C
END
6.
WAP to print string in alternatively capital and
lower case. (NePaL)
CLS
INPUT "Enter any string"; N$
FOR i = 1 to LEN (N$)
X$ = MID$(N$, i, 1)
IF i MOD 2 = 0 THEN
W$ = W$ + LCASE$(X$)
ELSE
W$ = W$ + UCASE$(X$)
END IF
NEXT i
PRINT W$
END
Nested Loop :
If one loop exist inside another
loop then is is known as nested loop.
CLS
|
123 |
Print i;
Next i
END
|
123123123 |
FOR
j = 1 To 3
Print
j:
Next
j
Print i;
Next i
END
|
123 123 123 |
FOR
j = 1 To 3
Print
j:
Next
j
Print
Print i;
Next i
END
|
111 222 333 |
FOR
j = 1 To 3
Print
i:
Next
j
Print
Print i;
Next i
END
|
5 55 555 5555 55555 |
n= 5
FOR i = 1 To 5
Print ; n
n = 5 *10 + 5
Next i
END
|
55555 5555 555 55 5 |
n= 55555
FOR i = 1 To 5
Print ; n
n = 5 \10
Next i
END
|
1 12 123 1234 12345 |
CLS
FOR i = 1 To 5
FOR
j = 1 to i
Print
j;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
1 22 333 4444 55555 |
FOR i = 1 To 5
FOR
j = 1 to i
Print
i;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
12345 1234 123 12 1 |
CLS
FOR i = 5 to 1 step -1
For
j = 1 to i
Print
j;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
55555 4444 333 22 1 |
FOR i = 5 to 1 step -1
For
j = 1 to i
Print
i;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
54321 5432 543 54 5 |
FOR i = 1 to 5
For
j = 5 to i step -1
Print
j;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
11111 2222 333 44 5 |
FOR i = 1 to 5
For
j = 5 to i step -1
Print
i;
Next
j
Print
Next i
END
|
POKHARA OKHAR KHA H |
N$ = "POKHARA"
L = LEN(N$)
For i = 1 to 4
X$
= MID$(N$, i, l)
PRINT
tab (i) ; X$
L
= L – 2
NEXT i
END
|
H KHA OKHAR POKHARA |
N$ = "POKHARA"
L = 1
FOR i = 4 TO 1 STEP -1
X$
= MID$(N$, i, 1)
PRINT
TAB(i); X$
L
= L + 2
Next i
End
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