QBASIC

QBASIC

1. FULL FORM = Quick Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.

2. It is a high level computer language developed by Microsoft. In 1985.

3. It was invented by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz.

Features:

1. It is easy to learn and fun to practice.

2. it is available in almost every computer.

3. It automatically check syntax.

4. It is suitable for mathematical and business application.

5. Programming and debugging is simple and quick.

6. Modification of program is quite easy.

Elements:

1. Character set: alphabet(A to Z), digits (0 to 9) and special character (+,(),$,=)

2. Constant and variables: The quantity which doesn't change its value during the execution of the program is called constant.

The quantity which may change its value during the execution of the program is called variable.

Numeric(0 to 9) and string($) (a to z).

3. Arithmetic expressions; addition(+), subtraction(-), multiplication(*), division(/)

Programs:

1. WAP to print sum of two given numbers.

2. WAP to print area of rectangle.

3. WAP to print name, address and mobile number.

4. WAP to print are of circle. Pi*r² (use pi = 3.14)

5. WAP to print sum and average of given three number.

6. WAP to print sum of square of two different number.

7. WAP to print simple interest where SI=(P*T*R)/100

8. WAP to find your age.

9. WAP to convert the Celsius into Fahrenheit.

10. WAP to convert Euro into Nepali rupees. 1 rs = 140 euro

READ & DATA statement.

READ a, b, c

PRINT a, b, c

DATA 34,56,78

11. REM find average using READ ... DATA

CLS

READ a, b, c

avg = (a + b + c) / 3

PRINT "Average = "; avg

DATA 45,67,52

END

Control structure:

1. Sequential structure

2. Selection (Conditional) structure

i. If CASE

Structure 1.

Syntax: if <condition> THEN

END

Structure 2.

Syntax ; if <condition> THEN

ELSE <statement 2>

END

Structure 3.

Syntax ; IF <condition1> THEN

ELSEIF <condition 2>

THEN <statement 2>

ELSEIF<condition 3>

THEN <statement 3>

ELSE

END IF

END

ii. SELECT CASE

Syntax:

SELECT CASE Test-expression

CASE condtion1

PRINT statement1

CASE condition2

PRINT statement2

CASE condtion 3

PRINT sttmnt 3

CASE ELSE

PRINT sttmnt 4

END SELECT

Unconditional statement ;

GOTO statement

CLS

PRINT "Kathmandu"

GOTO abc

PRINT "Birgunj"

abc:

PRINT "Biratnagar"

END

Conditional statement ; if elseif then else ENDIF

→ Looping Structure;

Looping is the process of repeating a block of statements multiple number of times as per the requirement. A loop is terminated when the given condition is satisfied.

WAP to print Nepal 100 times.

CLS

FOR i= 1 TO 100

Print "NEPAL"

NEXT i

END

1. WAP to print your name 1000 times.

CLS

FOR i = 1 TO 1000

Print "HIMALAYAN"

NEXT i

END

2. WAP to print first 100 natural number.

CLS

FOR i = 1 TO 100

PRINT i;

NEXT i

END

3. WAP to print first n natural number.

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

FOR i = 1 TO n

PRINt i;

NEXT i

END

4. WAP to print first n natural odd number.

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

FOR i = 1 TO n STEP 2

PRINt i;

NEXT i

END

5. WAP to calculate sum of n natural number

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

FOR i = 1 TO n

S=S + i

NEXT i

Print "Sum is " ; S

END

6. WAP to generate following series.

a. 1, 2 ,3, 4 ................. 10^th term

b. 1, 3, 5, 7...................10^th term

c. 2, 4, 6, 8 ...................10^th term

d. 1, 4, 9, 16.................. 10^th term

e. 1, 8, 27, 64.................. 10^th term

f. 1, 2, 4, 7, 11 .................... 10^th term

g. 5, 10 20 35................... 10^th term

h. 1 5 9 13 ...................... 10^th term

i. 1 1 2 3 5, 8, 13 ......................... 10^th term

2. WHILE WEND

Syntax:

WHILE [Condition]

Statement

Increment/Decrement

WEND

END

REM program to print Nepal 100 times.

CLS

i = 1

WHILE i<=100

Print "Nepal"

i=i+1

WEND

END

1, 8, 27, 64,.... 10^th terms

WHILE WEND

CLS

I = 1

WHILE i<=10

Print i^3;

i = i+1

WEND

END

REM program to print 10 natural number.

WHILE END

CLS

i = 1

WHILE i <= 10

PRINT i;

i = i + 1

WEND

END

1, 3, 5, 7... 10th terms

WHILE WEND

CLS

I = 1

WHILE i<=10

Print i;

i=i+2

WEND

END

CLS

FOR i= 1 TO 100

Print "NEPAL"

NEXT i

END

1. WAP to print n natural number.

CLS

INPUT "Enter number"; n

i = 1

WHILE i <= n

Print i;

i = i+1

WEND

END

2. WAP to calculate sum of n natural number

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

i = 1

While i <= n

S=S + i

i=i + 1

WEND

Print "Sum is " ; S

END

3. WAP to calculate product of n natural number 1*2*3

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

i = 1

P=1

While i <=n

P= P* i

i=i+1

WEND

Print "Product is " ; P

END

4. WAP to print the reverse of given number.

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n 123 12 1

WHILE n<>0 123 <> 0 12<>0 1<> 0

r= n MOD 10 123 MOD 10 = 3 12 MOD 10 = 2 1 MOD 10 = 1

s=s*10+r 3 3*10+2 = 32 32*10+1 = 321

n= n\10 123\10 = 12 12\ 10 = 1 1\10 = 0

WEND

Print "reverse of given number is "; s

END

5. WAP to print whether given number is palindrome or not.

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

z = n

WHILE n<>0

r= n MOD 10

s=s*10+r

n= n\10

WEND

If z=s THEN

PRINT "Palindrome"

ELSE

Print "Not Palindrome"

ENDIF

END

6. WAP to print sum of given number.

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

WHILE n<>0

r= n MOD 10

s= s + r

n= n\10

WEND

Print "Sum of given number is " s

END

7. WAP to print whether given number is Armstrong or not. 153, 370, 371 , 407

CLS

INPUT "ENTER NUMBER"; n

z=n

WHILE n<>0

r= n MOD 10

s=s+r^3

n= n\10

WEND

If z=s THEN

PRINT "Armstrong"

ELSE

Print "Not Armstrong"

ENDIF

END

STRING FUNCTION

1. LEN

Length of string

Syntax ; LEN(string variable)

For ex. N$ = NEPAL

A= LEN(N$)

PRINT A;

OUTPUT ; 5

2. LEFT$

Extract the left character

Syntax ; LEFT$ (string variable, No. of character)

For ex.

N$ = NEPAL

A$ = LEFT$ (N$,2)

OUTPUT ; NE

NEP

NEPA

NEPAL

Example:

CLS

N$ = NEPAL

FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)

A$ = LEFT$ (N$, i)

Print A;

NEXT i

END

3. RIGHT$

Extract the right character

Syntax : RIGHT$ (S.V , No. of character)

PAL

EPAL

NEPAL

For ex.

CLS

N$ = NEPAL

FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)

A$ = RIGHT$ (N$, i)

Print A;

NEXT i

END

4. MID$

Extract the right character

Syntax : MID$ (S.V , Starting no. of character, Total no. of character)

EPA

For ex.

CLS

N$ = NEPAL

A$ = MID$ (N$, 2, 3)

Print A;

NEXT i

END

5. LCASE$

Lower case

Syntax : LCASE$ (string variable)

nepal

For ex.

CLS

N$ = NEPAL

A$ = LCASE$ (N$)

Print A$;

NEXT i

END

6. UCASE$

Upper case

Syntax : UCASE$ (string variable)

NEPAL

For ex.

CLS

N$ = nepal

A$ = UCASE$ (N$)

Print A$;

NEXT i

END

1. REM to print reverse of given string.

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

a = len (N$)

for i = a to 1 step -1

X$ = MID$ (N$, i)

W$ = W$ + X$

NEXT i

PRINT "Reverse string is"; W$

END

2. REM To check whether given string is palindrome or not.

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

a = len (N$)

for i = a to 1 step -1

X$ = MID$ (N$, i)

W$ = W$ + X$

NEXT i

IF N$ = W$ THEN

PRINT "Palindrome"

ELSE

PRINT "Not Palindrome"

ENDIF

END

3. WAP to count vowels in a given string.

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)

X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)

X$ = LCASE$ (X$)

IF X$ = "a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o" OR X$ = "u" THEN

V= V+1

ENDIF

NEXT i

Print "Total number of vowels is"; V

END

4. WAP to count vowels and consonant in a given string.

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)

X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)

X$ = LCASE$ (X$)

IF X$ = "a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o" OR X$ = "u" THEN

V= V+1

ELSE

C = C + 1

ENDIF

NEXT i

Print "Total number of vowels is"; V

Print "Total number of consonant is"; C

END

5. WAP to count vowels and consonant in a given string.

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

FOR i = 1 to LEN(N$)

X$ = MID$ (N$, i, 1)

X$ = LCASE$ (X$)

IF X$ = "a" OR X$ = "e" OR X$ = "i" OR X$ = "o" OR X$ = "u" THEN

V$= V$+X$

ELSE

C$ = C$ + X$

ENDIF

NEXT i

Print "Total vowels are "; V$

Print "Total consonants are"; C

END

6. WAP to print string in alternatively capital and lower case. (NePaL)

CLS

INPUT "Enter any string"; N$

FOR i = 1 to LEN (N$)

X$ = MID$(N$, i, 1)

IF i MOD 2 = 0 THEN

W$ = W$ + LCASE$(X$)

ELSE

W$ = W$ + UCASE$(X$)

END IF

NEXT i

PRINT W$

END

Nested Loop :

If one loop exist inside another loop then is is known as nested loop.

CLS

123

FOR i = 1 To 3

Print i;

Next i

END

123123123

FOR i = 1 To 3

FOR j = 1 To 3

Print j:

Next j

Print i;

Next i

END

123

FOR i = 1 To 3

FOR j = 1 To 3

Print j:

Next j

Print i;

Next i

END

111

222

333

FOR i = 1 To 3

FOR j = 1 To 3

Print i:

Next j

Print i;

Next i

END

555

5555

55555

CLS

n= 5

FOR i = 1 To 5

Print ; n

n = 5 *10 + 5

Next i

END

55555

5555

555

CLS

n= 55555

FOR i = 1 To 5

Print ; n

n = 5 \10

Next i

END

123

1234

12345

CLS

FOR i = 1 To 5

FOR j = 1 to i

Print j;

Next j

Next i

END

333

4444

55555

CLS

FOR i = 1 To 5

FOR j = 1 to i

Print i;

Next j

Next i

END

12345

1234

123

CLS

FOR i = 5 to 1 step -1

For j = 1 to i

Print j;

Next j

Next i

END

55555

4444

333

CLS

FOR i = 5 to 1 step -1

For j = 1 to i

Print i;

Next j

Next i

END

54321

5432

543

CLS

FOR i = 1 to 5

For j = 5 to i step -1

Print j;

Next j

Next i

END

11111

2222

333

CLS

FOR i = 1 to 5

For j = 5 to i step -1

Print i;

Next j

Next i

END

POKHARA

OKHAR

KHA

CLS

N$ = "POKHARA"

L = LEN(N$)

For i = 1 to 4

X$ = MID$(N$, i, l)

PRINT tab (i) ; X$

L = L – 2

NEXT i

END

KHA

OKHAR

POKHARA

CLS

N$ = "POKHARA"

L = 1

FOR i = 4 TO 1 STEP -1

X$ = MID$(N$, i, 1)

PRINT TAB(i); X$

L = L + 2

Next i

End

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